Buying a Gun from a Private Seller in Utah: What You Need to Know

Utah law allows for the private sale of firearms between eligible residents, but it's essential to understand the process to ensure the transaction is legal, secure, and responsible. This guide walks you through the key requirements and recommended steps for a private firearm transfer within the state.

Disclaimer: This article is for informational purposes only and does not constitute legal advice. Please consult official state laws and legal counsel for guidance.

Eligibility Requirements

In Utah, you must be at least 18 years old to purchase a long gun (rifle or shotgun) and at least 21 years old to purchase a handgun from a private party. Crucially, the buyer must not be a "prohibited person" under state or federal law. This includes individuals who have been convicted of a felony, are subject to a domestic violence protective order, or are an unlawful user of controlled substances, among other restrictions. It is the seller's responsibility not to sell a firearm to someone they have reason to believe is a prohibited person.

Background Checks and Documentation

While Utah does not mandate universal background checks for private firearm sales, it is a highly recommended step for the seller's protection. The safest way to conduct a private sale is to meet at a licensed firearm dealer (FFL) and pay them a small fee to run an official background check on the buyer.

Furthermore, creating a Bill of Sale is a critical piece of documentation. This document serves as a legal record of the transfer of ownership. It should include:

• Full names and addresses of both the buyer and seller

• Driver's license or CFP numbers for both parties

• The firearm's make, model, caliber, and serial number

• The date of the sale

• A statement confirming the buyer is not prohibited from owning a firearm

• Signatures from both the buyer and seller

Best Practices for a Safe Transaction

When meeting to complete a sale, always prioritize safety. Agree to meet in a well-lit, public place. The parking lot of a local police department is an excellent neutral ground. Inspect the firearm thoroughly, and verify the identity of the other party with a government-issued ID.

By following these guidelines, both buyers and sellers in Utah can participate in private firearm transfers with confidence, ensuring the process is both legal and secure for everyone involved.